Rotary fluid-pressure motor.



T. M. HIESTER.

ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR. APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1913.

1,097,756. Patented May 26, 191i 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. M. HIESTER. ROTARY FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 2, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

Ill

coqumum PLANauRAPH c0.,WAsH|NGToN. DIC.

Patented May 26, 1914.

TI-IEODQEE M. HIESTEB, OF DAYTON, OI'HO.

ROTARY FLUID-PRESSURE I'IIOTGR.

Application filed January 2, 1913.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 26, 1914.

Serial No. 739,753.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that l, Tnnononn M. Hrnsrnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of lvlontgomery and State of ()hio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Fluid- Pressure hiiotors, of which the following is a specification. I

My invention relates to fluid pressure motors, and particularly to fluid operated motors of the rotary type.

The object of the invention is to simplify the structure, as well as the means and mode of operation of such motors, whereby they will not only be cheapened in construction, but will be more efficient in use, economical in the use of actuating fluid, easy of operation, and unlikely to get out of repair.

Afurther obiect of the invention is to provide improved means of packing the motor to eliminate leakage, and to obviate a dead center by providing for continuous admission and exhaust of the actuating fluid.

ll ith the above primary and other incidental objects in view as will more fully appear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof, and the mode of ope 'ation, or their equivalents, as

hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure l is a perspective view of the assembled motor. Fig. 9. is a side elevation thereof partly in section with one half of the casing removed. Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, with the upper half of the casing removed. Fig. l is a transverse sectional view of the casing and rotor. Fig. 5 is an interior view of one half of the casing with the rotor removed. Fig. 6 is a detail view of the fixed head or abutment separated into its component parts.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

In constructing the motor there is em-' ployed a circular casing or housing 1, which for convenience in manufacture and assembling preferably is divided circumferentially into two lateral halves, each of which is again divided diametrically, thereby separating the casing into four semi-circular portions. The casing may be suppor"ed in any suitable or convenient manner. In the drawings the lower sections of the casing are provided with feet 2.

out its entire circumference.

On its opposite sides the casing is provided with bearings 8 for the drive shaft 4. Strengthening ribs 5 are located upon the exterior of the casing sections. The lateral halves of the casing are each-provided upon their interior with a circular recess 6 concentric with the shaft 4. These circular recesses are each provided with a peripheral groove 7, in which the packing welt or bead of the rotor engages as hereafter described.

The rotor comprises an annular wheel or runner 8 mounted on the shaft & and having a main peripheral groove or depression 9 equal in width to the width of the interior of the casing. The rim portions of the rotor at opposite sides of the central depression 9 project within the circular recesses 6 of the casing. Formed in each lateral trim of the rotor is a peripheral groove 10 registering with the groove 7 of the casing recess 6. The grooves 7 and 10 are preferably though not necessarily semi-circular in a cross section, whereby the two grooves will coniointly form an annular recess of An annular band 11 of packing material is located in such annular recess at each side of the rotor and serves to effectually pack the motor through- It is immaterial whether the packing band 11 is carried by the rotor, and rotates therewith, or is secured stationary within the casing. However for convenience of assembling the band is preferably carried upon the rotor.

The location of the rotor within the cars ing, forms intermediate the periphery of the rotor and the interior periphery of the casing, an annular fluid chamber 12. A fluid supply conduit 13 leads to said annular chamber, and an exhaust conduit 14 leads therefrom. The supply conduit communicates directly with the chamber. The exhaust conduit communicates with an outlet chamber or pocket 15 formed in the side wall of the casing, which in turn communicates with the annular chambe- 12 through a multiplicity of small openings 16,.located in the wall of the casino with gradually increasing frequency as they approach the outlet orifice.

Formed in the periphery of the rotor 8 in diametrically opposite relation, are pockets 17. Pivoted within each of the pockets 17 is a segmental wing or vane 18. The wings or vanes are preferably carried upon pivoted brackets 19, each having a curved arm to which the vane is secured. A. concave packing member 20 of leather, rubber, composition or other suitable material, and conforming to the interior contour of the annular fluid chamber 12 is carried by each wing or vane 18. For convenience of manufact re, the packing member 20 is clamped between the head 21 of the bracket 19 and the wing or vane 18. The exterior surface of the wing or ane 18 is grooved to correspond with the peripheral groove 9 of the rotor, and is further formed arcuate to correspond with the periphery of the rotor, whereby the exterior surface of the wing will register with the periphery of the rotor when the wing is retracted within the pocket 17.

Each wing or vane bracket 19 is provided with an actuating spring, 22 tending to oscillate the wing or vane outward to a position in which it will project in a radial direction beyond the periphery of the r0- tor and transversely of the annular chamber 12. In this position the end of the wing 18 will engage the periphery of the rotor to limit the oscillatory movement of the wing. The periphery of the rotor adjacent to the pockets 17 is turned inward, concentric with the axis of oscillation of the wing, forming an arcuate surface 23 engaged by the packing member 20, as shown in Fig. 2. The packing member 20 having its concave side turned in the direction of the fluid supply, is pressed by the pressure of the fluid admitted to the chamber 12, into close contact with the interior peripheral and side walls of the chamber, and the arcuate surface 23 of the periphery of the rotor. This construction effectually seals the wing or vane and prevents the actuating fluid passing beyond the vane in the chain] er 12. The actuating spring for the vane is preferably a coiled spring as shown.

Located in the annular chamber 12, intermediate the inlet and outlet openings, is a fixed head or abutment of greater length than the peripheral length of the pockets 17. This prevents the actuating fluid entering the pocket under pressure on one side of the head and passing out of the pocket at the opposite side of the head as the pocket passes the head upon the rotation of the rotor, as would occur if the head was of less length than that of the pocket. In the drawings there have been shown two heads at and 25, each provided with a corresponding concave packing member 26, the said heads being separated a distance greater than the length of the pocket whereby the result before mentioned is attained. The heads 2 1 and 25 are separated by a web portion 27 having a head 28 at one end thereof, and the aforementioned head 25 at its opposite end. The packing member 26 of the head 24: is clamped between the head 2% and head 28 by interengaging screws 29 extending through the several parts. A clamp plate 30 cooperates in a similar manner with he second head 25 to clamp the corresponding packing member 26 in place. The web portion 27 carries oppositely extending bosses 31, which engage the side walls of the chamber 12 to which they are secured by screws, thereby securing the heads 24 and 25 in fixed positions.

Carried by the head 24, and projecting therefrom in a central position within the annular chamber 12 is cam shaped blade or plate 32. As the wings or vanes 18 advance with the rotation of the rotor they engage the cam surface of the plate or blade 32 and are thereby depressed within the pockets 17 where they are held by the web 27 intermediate the heads 21 and 25, until the vane has passed the head 25 whereupon the spring 22 will oscillate the vane outward as it passes the inlet orifice to receive the pressure of the inflowing actuating fluid. This action of the spring will be assisted by the centrifugal tendency of the vane, due to the rotation of the rotor. Under conditions where the rotor is revolved at a high rate of speed, the springs might be dispensed with and the centrifugal tendency relied upon to extend the vanes at the proper time.

The pressure of the actuating fluid acting upon the extended vane presses said vane farther and farther from the inlet orifice, thereby turning the rotor until the succeeding vane has passed the fixed head 25 and is projected to extended position where it will receive the fluid pressure. There will be confined between the two vanes a body of dead water completely filling the intermediate space. The vane in its retractory movement into the pocket 17 upon engaging the cam 32 swings rearward. A free rearward movement would be impossible against the confined body of water. To insure easy operaticn the pressure of the confined body of water is relieved through the initial openings 16 prior to the engagement of the vane with the cam.

The outlet openings 16 are so arranged that as the vane approaches the cam 32, but before engaging therewith, it passes over the openings 16. These openings are so located as to be uncovered with increasing frequency as the vane approaches the cam, thereby gradually relieving the pressure of the body of dead or inactive water before the vane is oscillated.

t will be noted that there is no position in which the exhaust orifices are covered or cutoit. At the time the extremity of the vane passes beyond the head 25 and is free to oscillate outward, the rotor has advanced the pivotal point of the vane such a distance beyond the inlet orifice that the action of the spring 22 will carry the vane beyond the inlet orifice. Thus the inlet orifice is at no time covered or cut off. Thus there is no position where the rotor will be upon a dead center or the fluid pressure ineii'ective. It is to be noted that each vane is projected to its extended position to receive the fluid pressure before the preceding vane has reached the initial exhaust opening. Heretofore much difliculty has been experienced in effectively packing the traveling rotor of motors of this type, to prevent leakage. The difficulty has been overcome in the present instance by the extension of the rotor laterally into the circular recesses 6 of the casing wherein the packing band 11 engages in both the rotor and casing. The shaft 4 which projects beyond the casing may carry a pulley 33, a gear, a crank or other driving element.

From the above description it will be ap parent that there has thus been produced a machine of the character described, possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desirable, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages.

While, in order to comply with the statute, the invention has been herein described in language more or less specific as to certain structural features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to such specific details, but that the means and mechanism herein shown and described, comprise but one mode of putting the invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed broadly in any of its possible embodiments or modifications: .vithin the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, 1 claim;

1. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing having fluid inlet and outlet orifices, a rotor of less diameter than the casing mounted therein whereby there is formed within the casing a fluid chamber concentric with the rotor, retractable vanes carried by the rotor, means for retracting and extending the vanes, and two separated packed heads correlated with each fluid inlet orifice located in the chamber adapted to seal a portion of the periphery of the rotor of greater peripheral extent than the peripheral length of any one of the vanes.

2. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing, a rotor of less diameter than the casing mounted therein whereby there is formed within the casing a fluid chamber concentric with the rotor, retractable vanes carried by the rotor, means for retracting and extending the vanes, separated heads located in the chamber dividing the chamber into a plurality of compartments, one of the compartl ments having an inlet and an outlet orifice therein, the other compartment being of greater peripheral length than the peripheral length of any one of the vanes when retracted.

3. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing having fiuid inlet and outlet orifices, a rotor of less diameter than the casing mounted therein whereby there is formed within the casing a fluid chamber concentric with the rotor, retractable vanes carried by the rotor, means for retracting and extending the vanes, and two substantially radially disposed separated fixed heads correlated with each fluid inlet orifice located in the fiuid chamber, and flexible packing members carried by each of the heads engaging the periphery of the rotor.

l. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing having fluid inlet and outlet orifices, a rotor of less diameter than the casing mounted therein whereby there is formed within the casing a fluid chamber concentric with the rotor, retractable vanes carried by the rotor, means for retracting and extending the vanes, and two stationary separated heads of less area than the cross section of the fluid chamber, concentrically located in said fluid chamber, and a dished packing member secured to the packing member secured to the corresponding sides of each of the heads adapted to simultaneously en age the walls of the chamber and pe iphery of the rotor.

in a fluid pressure motor, a casing having fluid inlet and outlet orifices, a rotor of less diameter than the casing mounted ther in whereby there is formed within the casing a fiuid chamber concentric with the rotor, retractable vanes carried by the rotor, means for retracting and extending the vanes, two fixed heads located in the charm her correlated with each fluid inlet, a clamping plate associated with each fixed head, and a section of packing material clamped between each head and its associated plate.

6. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing, having fluid inlet and outlet orifices, a rotor of less diameter than the casing mounted therein, whereby there is formed an annular fluid chamber intermediate the peripheries of the rotor and the casing, pockets in the rotor, swinging vanes carried by the rotor adjacent to the pockets and retractable thereinto, means for retracting and extending the vanes at predetermined points in the rotation of the rotor, two heads located in the chamber, an arcuate web connecting one head to the other, an auxiliary head cooperating with each of the first mentioned heads, a section of packing material clamped between each of the heads and its auxiliary head, and an inclined blade carried by one of the auxiliary heads.

7. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing, a

rotor therein having pockets in the periphery, vanes retractable into said pockets, and an Lshaped swinging arm carrying the vane whereby the vane will pass toa position beyond the margin of the mouth of the pocket.

8. in a fluid pressure motor a casing, a rotor therein having p ckets in the periphery, swinging arms pivoted within the pockets, heads carried by the swinging arms, a sector shaped member cooperating with the head, and a section of packing material carried between the sector shaped member and iead, the sector shaped member being adapted to conform to the periphery of the rotor when said members are retracted within the pocket.

9. In a fluid pressure motor, a casing, a rotor therein having pockets in its periphery, swinging arms pivoted within the pockets, heads carried by the swinging arms, a section of packing material carried by the head, and an auxiliary head cooperating with the first head to clamp the packing material therebetwee-n.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 23rd day of December 19 2.

THEODORE .M. HIE STER.

Witnesses HARRY F. NOLAN, BESS GROASMUN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). G. 

